·      Microbial ecology testing using BART and related methods

·      Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA or FAME) analysis – a particularly information-rich way to analyze filter and aquifer solids for microbial community composition (such as after a spill, during ground water clean up, or for biofouling assessment)

·      Bacteriological identification (cultural or DNA)

·      Microparticulate analysis (EPA methodology)

·      Activated sludge microscopy

·      X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy.